Three traffic lights tell you whether you have a problem. Five bands tell you whether you are heading towards one, which is the whole purpose of an indicator. The bands below are the template default.

Set the bands from your own history where you have it. The Institute of Operational Risk guidance suggests collecting at least six months of data, and preferably a year, then placing the first boundary where the first level of discomfort with the observed range begins — a judgement made by the people who run the process, not a formula. Where there is no history, set provisional bands, say plainly that they are provisional, and recalibrate after two or three reporting cycles.

Every structural choice in this dashboard traces to one of the documents below. All are published by the issuing body. Each link points to the document, or to the page of the issuing body where the document itself is not free to download.